𝟯𝟱 𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗱𝘀 𝗢𝗳 𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴
According To Education Experts
There are two major aspects of teaching:
1. Teacher-Centered Method
2. Student-Centered Method
In the past, teacher-centered methods held more importance, but in modern times, student-centered approaches are considered more effective.
Below is an introduction to 35 methods of teaching:
1.
Storytelling Method:
In this method, children are taught through stories, which align well with
their psychology. Stories about ideal personalities, social workers, kings, and
moral lessons are especially effective. The primary goal is to inspire and
engage students. Stories should match the students' language and comprehension
level and are usually suitable for children around 6 years old.
Features:
· Focuses on specific themes
· Encourages creativity
· Enhances vocabulary
2.
Textbook Method:
Here, teachers read the textbook aloud and explain important points. Students
also get the chance to read. The text should be written in simple language,
age-appropriate, and visually engaging.
3.
Lecture Method (Chalk & Talk):
Teachers verbally explain topics in class, using examples.
Features:
· Must be systematic and logical
· Effective for large groups
Drawbacks:
· Can be boring
· Promotes passive listening rather than active learning
· Teacher-centered
· Doesn't enhance student comprehension
4.
Demonstration Method:
Learning is provided by showing objects or activities, such as using a globe or
map in geography.
Drawbacks:
· Limited hands-on activity
· Observation-only approach
· Observation depends on the teacher
· Not suitable for all subjects
5.
Tutorial Method:
Students are divided into groups and taught collectively rather than
individually.
Two Types:
· Homogeneous Groups (same level)
· Heterogeneous Groups (mixed abilities)
The second type is preferred to help weaker students learn through peers.
6. Question & Answer Method:
Invented by
Socrates, who believed hidden knowledge could be drawn out through questions.
This is both teacher and student-centered.
Benefits:
· Encourages curiosity
· Enhances mutual learning
7.
Discussion Method:
Teaching occurs through debates and discussions among students and teachers.
Benefits:
· Open-minded dialogue
· Develops leadership
· Teaches tolerance and listening
· Measures behavior and expression
· Encourages logical thinking
8.
Heuristic Method:
Introduced by H.E. Armstrong, also known as the Problem-Solving Method.
Students explore and analyze problems to discover facts, learning through trial
and error.
Benefit: Builds
confidence and critical thinking
9.
Discovery Method:
Focuses on exploring existing facts, mostly used in social sciences. Unlike the
heuristic method (used in sciences to create new laws), it emphasizes
historical facts.
Key Differences:
· Discovery = understanding past facts
· Heuristic = creating new insights
· Discovery is about interpretation; heuristic is about innovation
10.
Project Method:
Developed by William Heard Kilpatrick, this student-centered method involves
group projects connected to real-life situations.
Difference from Heuristic:
· Group-based vs. individual
· Real problems vs. hypothetical ones
Features:
· Creativity
· Enjoyment
· Problem-solving
· Specific learning
11.
Role Play & Dramatization Method:
Instead of lectures, students act out scenarios. Observers analyze the
performance. Used in teacher training and develops observation and practical
skills.
Founder: Jacob L.
Moreno
12.
Brainstorming Method:
Founded by Alex Faickney Osborn (in his book Applied
Imagination, 1953). Groups are formed, and each member shares ideas
on a topic.
Benefits:
· Encourages speaking and idea-sharing
· Enhances group collaboration
· Builds confidence
· Clarifies misunderstandings
· Allows knowledge assessment
13.
Drill Method (Military Style):
Students practice rules and regulations taught in class under teacher supervision.
Enhances confidence and practical application.
𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 :- https://amzn.to/42mNe3Z
14.
Inductive Method:
Attributed to Aristotle and Francis Bacon. Also known as the Scientific Method.
Starts with examples, then leads to rules.
Advantage:
Promotes critical thinking and creativity
15.
Deductive Method:
Aristotle also developed this method. In this approach, a general rule is
presented first, followed by examples that explain the rule. It moves from
general to specific. It saves students' time and requires less effort. However,
the scope of thinking is limited, and it does not encourage creative thinking.
Advantage: Saves
time, but limits creative thinking
16. Problem Solving Method
In this
method, a problem is presented to the students, and they are asked to find a
solution. The student independently attempts to resolve the issue. Sometimes,
the teacher may give hints. This method develops the student's ability to think
critically and analytically.
17. Field Trip or Excursion Method
In this approach, students are taken on educational trips. They are asked to collect data and observe in real-world settings. It combines education with recreation, and knowledge is gained through direct interaction with nature.
18. Play Way Method
Developed by Friedrich Froebel, this method teaches children through games, considering their psychological development. It is also known as the Kindergarten Method. In this method, play is primary and education is secondary, allowing children to learn joyfully and naturally.
19. Montessori Method
Dr. Maria Montessori introduced this method. It emphasizes learning through the five senses—sight, hearing, smell, touch, and taste. Children explore and learn independently using specially designed materials. It promotes freedom within limits and encourages self-discipline and motivation in children.
20. Dalton Plan Method
Helen Parkhurst in the USA developed this method. In this approach, students are given academic freedom. They work independently according to a fixed plan and period. Teachers act as mentors and guides. This method develops a sense of responsibility, self-reliance, and time management in students.
21. Kindergarten Method
As a foundational method, this system is aimed at early childhood education (ages 3 to 6). The child learns through songs, stories, games, and activities that are consistent with their physical and mental development. Friedrich Froebel is considered the founder of this method.
22. Laboratory Method
This method is mainly used in science education. Students are asked to perform experiments in a lab setting to verify principles and concepts. It promotes learning by doing and strengthens scientific observation, analysis, and reasoning.
23. Team Teaching Method
In this approach, two or more teachers plan and teach together. They share content and delivery. It encourages collaboration between teachers and enables students to receive input from multiple perspectives.
24. Activity-Based Teaching Method
In this method, students engage in hands-on activities to learn concepts. It promotes active participation, enhances practical skills, and improves understanding through real-world applications.
25. Programmed Instruction Method
This method
uses a planned sequence of instructional content delivered through books,
charts, or computers. It allows for self-paced learning and is effective in
developing independent study habits.
𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 :- https://amzn.to/42mNe3Z
26. Peer Teaching Method
In this
method, students teach each other under the supervision of the teacher. It
builds confidence, strengthens understanding, and encourages cooperative
learning.
27. Contract Teaching Method
In this approach, the teacher and student sign a learning contract. The student commits to completing certain tasks within a specified time. It fosters a sense of responsibility, discipline, and goal setting.
28. Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI) Method
This method uses computer technology to assist teaching. Multimedia content is used to enhance learning. It is interactive, self-paced, and can accommodate different learning styles.
29. Inquiry-Based Learning Method
In this method, students are encouraged to ask questions, investigate, and discover answers themselves. It builds critical thinking, problem solving, and independent research skills.
30. Simulation Method
This method imitates real-life situations in a controlled environment. Students participate in mock scenarios to learn decision-making and behavior in actual situations—useful in fields like medicine, business, and military training.
31. Game-Based Learning Method
Games are used as a medium for instruction. Through structured play, students develop cognitive, emotional, and social skills. It enhances engagement and retention of knowledge.
32. Experiential Learning Method
Students learn through experiences, reflections, and application. This approach involves direct encounter with the phenomena being studied, rather than merely thinking about the encounter.
33. Microteaching Method
This technique is especially useful in teacher training. A teacher practices teaching a small group for a brief time, focusing on a specific skill. It is recorded and reviewed to provide feedback and improvement.
34. Flipped Classroom Method
In this method, students study content at home through videos or reading, and then do related activities or discussions in the classroom. It reverses traditional learning methods and promotes interactive learning.
35. Blended Learning Method
This combines traditional
classroom teaching with digital tools and online learning. It offers
flexibility, caters to different learning styles, and enhances student
engagement through multimedia and interactivity.
𝗧𝗲𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 :- https://amzn.to/42mNe3Z
~ Conclusion:
These 35 methods reflect the evolving nature of education. The emphasis today
is on student-centered
learning that encourages creativity, participation, and
critical thinking. Teachers can choose and combine these methods based on the
subject, students' needs, and available resources to create a more effective
and engaging learning environment.
#𝗔𝗺𝗮𝘇𝗼𝗻 :- https://amzn.to/3XOrHA2
#𝗕𝗼𝗼𝗸𝘀 :- https://amzn.to/4enuNjY
#𝗞𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗹𝗲 :- https://amzn.to/4dhmuoW
#𝗔𝘂𝗱𝗶𝗯𝗹𝗲 :- https://amzn.to/4ddRg1V
#𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗱𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗵𝗶𝗽 :- https://amzn.to/3Xee8Is
#𝗠𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗴𝗲𝗺𝗲𝗻𝘁 :- https://amzn.to/3XkGMIa
#TeachingMethods #StudentCenteredLearning #ActiveLearning #MontessoriMethod #ProblemSolving #BlendedLearning #ExperientialLearning #FlippedClassroom #ActivityBasedLearning #Microteaching #PeerTeaching
